Long Armistice
Since following an armistice on 3 September 1943, between the Governments of the United States and Great Britain, acting in the interest of all the United Nations, on the one hand, and the Italian Government on the other, hostilities were suspended between Italy and the United Nations on the basis of certain conditions of a military nature;
and since, in addition to these conditions, it was established in said armistice that the Italian Government undertook to execute other conditions of a political, economic and financial nature to be transmitted later; and since it is opportune that the conditions of a military nature and the aforementioned conditions of a political, economic and financial nature are, without affecting the validity of the conditions of the aforementioned armistice of September 3, 1943, included in a subsequent act;
the following, together with the conditions of the armistice of September 3, 1943, are the conditions under which the Governments of the United States, Great Britain and the Soviet Union, acting on behalf of the United Nations, are willing to suspend hostilities against Italy provided that their military operations against Germany and its allies are not hindered and that Italy does not help these Powers in any way and does not fulfill the requests of these Governments.
These conditions were presented by General Dwight D. Eisenhower, Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces, duly authorized to do so;
And they were accepted unconditionally by Marshal Pietro Badoglio, Head of the Italian Government, representing the Supreme Command of the Italian Land, Sea and Air Forces, and duly authorized for this purpose by the Italian Government.
1)
(A) The Italian forces of land, sea, air, wherever they are, surrender for this purpose.
(B) Italy's participation in the war in any zone must immediately cease. There will be no opposition to the landings, movements and other operations of the United Nations Land, Sea and Air Forces. Accordingly, the Italian Supreme Command will order the immediate cessation of hostilities of any kind against the United Nations Forces and will issue orders to the Italian naval, military and air force authorities in all war zones to immediately issue appropriate instructions to their subordinate commands.
(C) Furthermore, the Italian Sapremo Command will issue to the naval, military and aeronautical forces, as well as to the authorities and officials, orders to immediately desist from the destruction and damage of any real estate or movable property, both public and private.
2)
The Italian Supreme Command will provide all the information relating to the location and situation of all the Italian Armed Forces of land, sea and air, wherever they are, and of all the Forces of the allies of Italy who are in Italy or in territories. occupied by Italy.
3)
The Italian Supreme Command will take all necessary precautions to safeguard the airfields, port facilities and any other facility against capture or attack by any ally of Italy. The Italian Supreme Command will take all the necessary provisions to safeguard public order and to use the Armed Forces available to ensure the prompt and precise execution of this act and all its provisions. Except for that use of Italian troops for the aforementioned purposes which may be sanctioned by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces, all the other Italian forces of land, sea and air will return and remain in the barracks, in the camps or on the ships awaiting instructions from the United Nations regarding their future status and final destination. As an exception, the naval personnel will move to those naval barracks that the United Nations will indicate.
4)
The Italian land, sea and air forces, within the term to be established by the United Nations, will withdraw from all territories outside Italy which will be notified to the Italian Government by the United Nations and will move to those areas that will be indicated by the United Nations. . These movements of the Forces of land, sea and air will be carried out according to the instructions that will be given by the United Nations and in accordance with the orders that will be issued by them. Likewise, all Italian officials will leave the notified areas, except those who will be given permission to remain by the United Nations. Those who are granted permission to remain will comply with the instructions of the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces.
5)
No requisition, appropriation, or other coercive measures may be carried out by the land, sea and air forces and by Italian officials against persons or property in the areas specified in paragraph n. 4.
6) The demobilization of the Italian land, sea and air forces in excess of the number that will be notified, must follow the rules established by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces.
7)
The Italian warships of all categories, auxiliary and transport will be gathered, according to the orders, in the ports that will be indicated by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces, and any decision regarding these ships will be taken by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces.
NOTE: If by the date of the armistice, the entire Italian war fleet has been gathered in allied ports, this article will have the following content:
"Italian warships of all categories, auxiliary and transport will remain until further orders in the ports where they are currently assembled and any decision regarding them will be taken by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces".
8)
Italian airplanes of any kind will not take off from land, water or ships without prior orders from the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces.
9)
Without prejudice to the provisions of articles 14, 15 and 28 (A) and (D) below, to all merchant vessels, fishing vessels and other vessels flying any flag, to all airplanes and internal means of transport of any nationality. in Italian territory or in territory occupied by Italy or in Italian waters must, pending verification of their identity or position, be prevented from leaving.
10)
The Italian Supreme Command will provide all information relating to naval, military and aircraft means, systems and defenses, transport and means of communication built by Italy or its allies in or near the Italian territory, to mine fields or other obstructions to movement by land, sea and air, and any other information that the United Nations may request in relation to the use of the Italian bases or the operations, safety or well-being of the Land, Sea and Air Forces of the Nations United. Italian forces and material will be made available to the United Nations, when requested, to remove the aforementioned obstructions.
11)
The Italian Government will immediately supply the lists indicating the quantities of all war material with the indication of the locality where it is located. Unless the Senior Commander of the Allied Forces decides to use them, the war material will be placed in storage under the control he can establish. The final destination of the war material will be decided by the United Nations.
12)
No destruction or damage shall take place, nor, except as authorized and ordered by the United Nations, any movement of war material, radio, radio tracking, or weather station, railway, road and port facilities or other installations, or in general of public and private services and property of any kind wherever they are, and the necessary maintenance and repairs will be borne by the Italian authorities ("will be the responsibility of the Italian authorities").
13)
The manufacture, production and construction of war material, its import, export and transit, is prohibited, except as stipulated by the United Nations.
The Italian Government will comply with those instructions that will be given by the United Nations for the manufacture, production and construction, and the import, export and transit of war material.
14)
(A) All Italian merchant, fishing and other vessels, wherever they are, as well as those built or completed during the period of validity of this deed, will be made available by the competent Italian authorities, in a good state of repair and navigation. , in those places and for those purposes and periods of time that the United Nations may prescribe. Transfer to the enemy or neutral flag is prohibited. Crews will remain on board pending further instructions regarding their further employment or dismissal. Any existing option for the repurchase or return or repossession of Italian or formerly Italian ships, which had been sold or otherwise transferred or chartered during the war, will be immediately exercised and the above conditions will apply to all of the aforementioned. ships and their crews.
(B) All Italian internal transport and all port facilities will be made available to the United Nations for the uses they will establish.
15)
United Nations merchant, fishing and other vessels, wherever they are, in the hands of Italians (including, for this purpose, those of any country that has broken diplomatic relations with Italy) regardless of whether the title property has already been transferred or not following the procedure of the Tribunal of Prey, will be delivered to the United Nations and will be gathered in the ports that will be indicated by the United Nations which will dispose of them as they deem appropriate. The Italian Government will make the necessary arrangements for the transfer of the title. All merchant, fishing or other neutral vessels managed or controlled by the Italians will be gathered in a similar way pending arrangements for their final fate. Any necessary repairs to the aforementioned vessels if requested will be carried out by the Italian Government at its own expense. The Italian government will take all necessary measures to ensure that the ships and their cargoes will not be damaged.
16)
No radio or long-distance communication system or other land or floating means of intercommunication, under Italian control, whether it belongs to Italy or another country not part of the United Nations, will be able to transmit as long as provisions for the control of these systems. they will not have been given by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces. The Italian authorities will comply with the provisions for the control and censorship of the press and other publications, theatrical and cinematographic representations, broadcasting and any other means of intercommunication that the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces may prescribe.
The Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces may at his discretion detect radio stations, cables or other means of communication.
17)
Warships, auxiliaries, transport and merchant ships and other ships and airplanes serving the United Nations will have the right to freely use Italian territorial waters and to fly over Italian territory.
18)
The Forces of the United Nations will have to occupy certain areas of the Italian territory. The territories or areas in question will be notified from time to time by the United Nations, and all Italian land, sea and air forces will withdraw from these territories or areas in accordance with the orders issued by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces. The provisions of this article do not affect those of art. 4 above. The Italian Supreme Command will guarantee the Allies the use and immediate access to airfields and naval ports in Italy under its control.
19)
In the territories or areas to which art. 18, all naval, military and air installations, all power plants, refineries, public services, ports, installations for transport and communications, vehicles and materials and those installations and vehicles and other deposits that may be requested by the United Nations will be made available in good condition by the competent Italian authorities with the personnel necessary for their operation. The Italian Government will make available those other local resources or services that the United Nations deems to require.
20)
Without prejudice to the provisions of this Act, the United Nations will exercise all the rights of an occupying Power in the territories and areas referred to in art. 18, which will be administered through the publication of proclamations, orders and regulations. The personnel of the Italian administrative, judicial and public services will perform their functions under the control of the Allied Commander-in-Chief unless otherwise established.
21)
In addition to the rights relating to the occupied Italian territories described in articles from number 18 to 20:
(A) the members of the land, naval and air forces and the officials of the United Nations will have the right of passage in the unoccupied Italian territory or above it and will be provided with all facilities and assistance necessary to carry out their functions.
(B) the Italian authorities will make available, in the unoccupied Italian territory, all the transport facilities required by the United Nations, including free transit for their war material and supplies, and will carry out the instructions issued. by the Allied Commander-in-Chief relating to the use and control of airports, ports, navigation, land transport systems and means, communication systems, power plants and public services, refineries, materials and other fuel and electricity supplies and vehicles to produce them, according to what the United Nations may specify, together with the relative facilities for repairs and constructions.
22)
The Government and the Italian people will refrain from any action to the detriment of the interests of the United Nations and will promptly and effectively execute all orders of the United Nations.
23)
The Italian government will make available the Italian currency that the United Nations will request.
The Italian Government will withdraw and redeem in Italian currency within the time periods and under the conditions that the United Nations may indicate all the availability in Italian territory of the currencies issued by the United Nations during military operations or occupation and will deliver to the United Nations without any spent the currency withdrawn. The Italian Government will take those measures that may be required by the United Nations for the control of banks and business in Italian territory, for the control of foreign exchange, commercial and financial relations with foreign countries and for the regulation of trade. and production and will carry out any instructions issued by the United Nations relating to such or similar matters.
24)
There shall be no financial, commercial and other relations or negotiations with or in favor of countries at war with one of the United Nations or with the territories occupied by such countries or by any other foreign country, except with the authorization of the Allied Commander-in-Chief or of designated officers.
25)
(A) Relations with countries at war with any of the United Nations, or occupied by any such country, will be severed. Italian diplomatic, consular and other officials and members of the Italian land, naval and air forces accredited on missions to any of these countries or to any other territory specified by the United Nations will be recalled. The diplomatic and consular officials of these countries will be treated in accordance with the provisions of the United Nations.
(B) The United Nations reserves the right to request the withdrawal of neutral diplomatic and consular officials from the occupied Italian territory and to prescribe and establish regulations relating to the procedure regarding the methods of communication between the Italian government and its representatives in neutral countries. and with regard to communications sent by or intended for representatives of neutral countries on Italian territory.
26)
Pending further orders, the Italian subjects will be prevented from leaving the Italian territory except with the authorization of the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces and in no case will they serve on behalf of any country or in any of the territories referred to in art. 25 (A), nor will they travel at any length with the intention of undertaking work for any of such countries.
Those currently serving or working in this manner will be recalled under the provisions of the Supreme Command of the Allied Forces.
27)
Personnel and material of the military, naval and air forces and the merchant navy, fishing vessels and other vessels, aircraft, vehicles, and other means of transport of any country against which a United Nations conducts hostilities; or is occupied by that country, they will be liable to attack or capture wherever they are within or over Italian territory or waters.
28)
(A) To warships, auxiliaries and transport ships of any such occupied country or territory to which art. 27, which are in Italian ports or waters or occupied by Italians, and the aircraft, vehicles and means of transport of such countries within or over the Italian territory or occupied by Italians will be, pending further instructions, prevented to depart.
(B) Military, naval and aeronautical personnel and the civilian population of any of such countries or occupied territory that are in Italian territory or occupied by Italians will be prevented from leaving, and they will be interned pending further instructions.
(C) Any property in Italian territory belonging to any occupied country or territory or its nationals will be seized and held in custody pending further instructions.
(D) The Italian Government will comply with any instructions given by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces concerning the internment, custody or subsequent disposition, use or employment of any of the aforementioned persons, boats, vehicles, material or property.
29)
Benito Mussolini, his main fascist associates and all persons suspected of having committed war crimes or similar crimes, whose names are on the lists that will be communicated by the United Nations and who now or in the future are in territory controlled by the Military Command ally or by the Italian Government, they will be immediately arrested and handed over to the United Nations Forces. All orders given by the United Nations in this regard will be observed.
30)
All fascist organizations, including all branches of the fascist militia (MVSN), the secret police (OVRA) and the fascist youth organizations will, if this has not already been done, dissolve in accordance with the provisions of the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces. The Italian government will comply with all further directives that the United Nations may give for the abolition of fascist institutions, the dismissal and internment of fascist personnel, the control of fascist funds, the suppression of fascist ideology and teaching.
31)
All Italian laws that imply discrimination based on race, color, faith or political opinion will be, if this has not already been done, repealed, and persons detained for such reasons will be, according to the orders of the United Nations, released and released from any impediment. legal to which they have been submitted. The Italian Government will fulfill all further directives that the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces may give for the repeal of the fascist legislation and the elimination of any impediment or prohibition resulting from it.
32)
(A) Prisoners of war belonging to the Forces of the United Nations, or designated by them and any subject of the United Nations, including Abyssinian subjects, confined, interned, or in any other way detained in Italian territory or occupied by Italians, will not be transferred and will be immediately handed over to United Nations representatives or otherwise treated as the United Nations decides. Any transfer during the period between the submission and the signing of this deed will be considered as a violation of its conditions.
(B) Persons of any nationality who have been placed under surveillance, detained or convicted (including convictions in absentia) as a result of their relations or sympathies with the United Nations, will be released in accordance with the orders of the United Nations and will be dissolved by all. the legal impediments to which they have been submitted.
(C) The Italian Government will take measures that may be prescribed by the United Nations to protect the persons and property of foreign citizens and the property of foreign states and citizens.
33)
(A) The Italian Government will carry out the instructions that the United Nations may give regarding the return, delivery, services or payments such as compensation ("payments by reparation of war") and payment of occupation expenses.
(B) The Italian Government will deliver to the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces any information that may be required regarding the activities ("assets") both in Italian territory and outside it, belonging to the Italian State to the Bank of Italy to any state institution or Italian parastatal or fascist organizations or persons domiciled ("residents") in Italian territory and will not dispose or permit to dispose of any such activity outside the Italian territory except with the permission of the United Nations.
34)
The Italian Government will carry out during the period (of validity) of this Act those disarming, demobilization and demilitarization measures that may be prescribed by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces.
35)
The Italian government will provide all information and provide all necessary documents to the United Nations. It will be forbidden to destroy or hide archives, minutes, projects or any other document or information.
36)
The Italian Government will take and apply any legislative or other measures that may be necessary for the execution of this act. The Italian military and civil authorities will comply with any instructions issued by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces.
37)
A Control Commission will be appointed to represent the United Nations, charged with regulating and executing this Act under the orders and general directives of the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces.
38)
(A) The term "United Nations in this Act includes the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces, the Control Commission, and any other authority that the United Nations may appoint.
(B) The term "Supreme Commander" of the Allied Forces in this Act includes the Control Commission and those other officers and representatives that the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces may appoint.
39)
Any reference to the Italian land, naval and air forces in this document is intended to include the Fascist Militia and any military or paramilitary units, formations and corps that may be prescribed by the Supreme Commander of the Allied Forces.
40)
The term "war materials" in this Act means all material specified in those lists or definitions which may from time to time be published by the Control Commission.
41)
The term "Italian territory" includes all Italian colonies and possessions and for the purposes of this Act (but without prejudice to the question of sovereignty), Albania will be considered to include.
However, it remains established that, except in the cases and to the extent prescribed by the United Nations, the provisions of this Act will not be applicable nor will they affect the administration of any Italian colony or possession already occupied by the United Nations, or the rights or powers therein possessed or exercised by they.
42)
The Italian Government will send a delegation to the Headquarters of the Control Commission to represent the Italian interests and to transmit the orders of the Control Commission to the competent Italian authorities.
43)
This Act will enter into force immediately. It will remain in force until it is replaced by any other agreement or until the peace treaty with Italy enters into force.
44)
This act may be denounced by the United Nations, with immediate effect, if the Italian obligations referred to in this act are not fulfilled or, otherwise, the United Nations may punish infringements of the act itself with measures suitable to the circumstances, such as for example the extension of the zones of military occupation, or aerial actions, or other punitive action.
This deed is drawn up in English and Italian, the English text being the authentic one, and in the event of any dispute regarding its interpretation, the decision of the Control Commission will prevail ".